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2014年3月11日 星期二

Tunisian Tour 14.2 BardoTunisian Tour (突尼西亞之旅14 .2 巴度博物館)

 Cont'd

The chief attraction of the Bardo Museum is not its collection of Carthaginian and Roman sculpture but its reconstitution of floor or wall tile mosaics from different ancient Carthaginian and Roman monuments and ancient archaeological sites.

  

An early  3rd century BCE mosaic found at Hadrumetum ( Sousse) in the House of Virgil, showing the famous Roman poet Virgil surrounded by two muses: Calliopse the muse for eloquence and epic poetry and Polymnia, the muse of pantomime.



A mosaic of various figures grapes, birds, ducks etc.


A 4th century BCE mosaic found at Thuburbo Maius showing the haloed goddess Venus on a chariot driven by little Loves all armed with little arrows


A 3rd century BCE mosaic showing Satyrs ( a tribe of half-goat. half man following Pan with goat-like (caprine) features, including a goat-tail, goat-like ears, and sometimes a goat-like phallus roaming the forests and often associated with pipe playing.) led by their chief Silenus, a minor deity associated (like Hermes and Priapus) with fertility) and the heads of Bacchantes, with Hercules (Heraclitus) and his beloved Omphale surrounded by little winged spirits and with the god Dionysius standing behind him


An early 4th century mosaic found at the House of Venus Char in Thuburbo Maius showing a hunting scene.


A huge 4th Century BCE wall mosaic found at Thuburbo Maius showing a seascape with boats, fishes etc.

 
Another early 4th century mosaic found at Carthage showing some sea-side pleasure houses,with dolphins, sea monsters, loves and Nereids ( sea nymphs, the 50 daughters of Nereus and Doris, sisters to Nerites, living in a silvery cave under the sea but distinct from the mermaid-like Sirens, usually surrounding the sea god Poseidon and who may help sailors during perilous storms. The most notable of them are Thetis, wife of Peleus and mother of Achilles; Amphitrite, wife of Poseidon; and Galatea, lover of the Cyclops Polyphemus.



Two little Loves holding a fish net full of fishes found at a Roman house at El Jem, 3rd century BCE.


A fisherman found at the same place 


Part of a mosaic showing various fishes, sea snakes etc.


More fishes, eel etc


part of a late 3rd century BCE mosaic found at Masada showing the sea god Neptune on a chariot pulled by hippocampuses surrounded by fishes and the head of the god the four winds 


the upper part of the same mosaic 


A sea full of fishes, crustaceans, molluscs


Villas of the period


Even the floor of the museum, a former palace is paved with mosaic tiles


The beautiful horse-shoe arches and overhanging arches of the room


The mosaic on the floor of the room


A  mid 3rd century BCE mosaic found at Althiburos (El Ma'daina) showing a lion, with 4 stalks of millet, a palm and a pitcher, the symbol of Leontil sodality


The base of an acanthus (thorn)  with the insignia of the Leontil Sodality (the universality of the Catholic church) : the millet stem.


The part of the roof of the museum


a beautiful dome on the roof of the museum


Another such dome with intricate mosaic patterns


The view from the bottom


The mosaic below the dome


A fish


a peacock


Two pheasant: they form part of what the guest of the house may expect to get from their meals there


Partridges


A typical farming scene


A peacock tail decorates the arch


A beautiful fresco ( a wall painting technique by applying paint to the last coat of plaster before it is completely dry so that the paint will penetrate into the plaster perfected between the 3rd and 1st century CE)


Another set of mosaics showing the hunting of various types of animals


All kinds of beasts: mainly cows and bears 


Various animals involved in the hunt


An archer?


A mosaic found at Curubis (Korba) showing two bears fighting, 4th C CE


 A mosaic found at Carthage showing two lions facing each other under a tree, 4th C CE


Finial, a magpie, a duck, a guinea fowl or warder in a floral decoration found at Thuburdo Maius 3rd Century CE


Another god?


The four seasons


The triumph of Dionysius and the busts of two seasons, Spring and Winter found at Achollas (the Bath of Traianus ) Henchir Boutria 120-130 CE


The harvest 



Hunting


Dolphin and marine centaur  found at Baths of Trianus 120-130 CE


 Poseidon/Neptune?

 

A ship with its various kinds of goods?
 
Various kinds of domestic products 


The 9 Muses with their characteristics found at El Jem 3rd century CE


A goat between two shrubs found at El Jem 3rd century CE


A carafe inside a reed basket and a glass cup found at El Jem 3rd century CE


Black and white grapes found at El Jem 3rd century CE



A boar and a sow found at El Jem 3rd century CE


A doe between two shrubs found at El Jem 3rd century CE


The glass roof over the stairs


Another ceiling decoration 


Another golden roof


 Some birds and animals


A mosaic found at a both at Dougga late 3rd century CE showing three Cyclops: Brontes, Stereope and Pyracmon forging lightning for Jupiter


The Triumph of Neptune and the 4 Seasons found at private bath of Caput Vida (La Chebba) end of the reign of Antonius Pius 138-161 CE


A mosaic found at Sousse mid-3rd century BCE showing how food is unloaded and weighed


A mosaic found at Thysdrus (El Jem) mid-2nd century CE showing Xenia, gifts of hospitality and various animals



a lovely Tunisian girl in front of an elaborate Andalucian type door at one of the entrances of the museum:  the future of Tunisia? 

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